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Specification for Tightness Testing of

Environmental Engineering Concrete
Containment Structures
(ACI ) and Commentary

Reported by ACI Committee

 First Printing
February
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American Concrete Institute
Advancing concrete knowledge

Specification for Tightness Testing of Environmental Engineering

Concrete Containment Structures (ACI ) and Commentary

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 ACI

Specification for Tightness Testing of Environmental

Engineering Concrete Containment Structures
(ACI ) and Commentary
An ACI Standard
Reported by ACI Committee

Satish K. Sachdev
Chair
Jon B. Ardahl* John W. Baker
Vice Chair Secretary

Iyad M. Alsamsam Charles S. Hanskat Daniel J. McCarthy Andrew R. Philip

*
Steven R. Close Keith W. Jacobson Andrew R. Minogue Risto Protic
Robert E. Doyle M. Reza Kianoush Javeed Munshi William C. Sherman
Anthony L. Felder Ramon E. Lucero Jerry Parnes Lawrence M. Tabat
Carl A. Gentry

*
Subcommittee members who produced this specification.
The committee would like to thank David Poole, Paul Hedli, and Kyle Loyd for their contributions to this specification.

These test methods give procedures and criteria for tightness testing of CONTENTS
environmental engineering concrete structures. They are applicable to (mandatory portion follows)
liquid and gas containment structures constructed with concrete or a
combination of concrete and other materials. This document includes
hydrostatic, surcharged hydrostatic, and pneumatic tests. SPECIFICATION
These test methods may involve hazardous materials, operations, and Section 1—General requirements, p. 3
equipment. This document does not purport to address all of the safety —Scope
problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this —Work specified
document to establish appropriate safety and health practices and —Work not specified
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations before use.
—Definitions
Keywords: containment structures; hydrostatic; leakage; pneumatic;
—Description
reservoirs; tests; tightness; tightness criteria. —Submittals
—General
—Repair procedures
ACI Committee Reports, Guides, Manuals, and Commentaries —Test reports
are intended for guidance in planning, designing, executing,
and inspecting construction. This document is intended for the —Quality assurance
use of individuals who are competent to evaluate the —Duties and responsibilities of Contractor
significance and limitations of its content and recommendations
and who will accept responsibility for the application of the
material it contains. The American Concrete Institute disclaims
any and all responsibility for the stated principles. The Institute
shall not be liable for any loss or damage arising therefrom.
ACI supersedes , was adopted October 25, , and published
Reference to this document shall not be made in contract January
documents. If items found in this document are desired by the Copyright © , American Concrete Institute.
Architect/Engineer to be a part of the contract documents, they All rights reserved including rights of reproduction and use in any form or by any
shall be restated in mandatory language for incorporation by means, including the making of copies by any photo process, or by electronic or
mechanical device, printed, written, or oral, or recording for sound or visual reproduc-
the Architect/Engineer. tion or for use in any knowledge or retrieval system or device, unless permission in
writing is obtained from the copyright proprietors.

1
2 TIGHTNESS TESTING OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING CONCRETE CONTAINTMENT STRUCTURES (ACI )

Section 2—Hydrostatic tightness test for open or (nonmandatory portion follows)

covered containment structures, p. 4
—General Notes to Specifier, p. 9
—Scope General notes
—Products Foreword to Checklists
—Materials Mandatory Requirements Checklist
—Execution Optional Requirements Checklist
—Test preparation Submittals Checklist
—Hydrostatic tightness test—Part 1: Qualitative
criteria COMMENTARY
—Hydrostatic tightness test—Part 2: Quantitative Section R1—General requirements, p. 11
criteria R—Scope
—Retesting R—Work not specified
R—Description
Section 3—Surcharged hydrostatic tightness test
for closed containment structures, p. 5 Section R2—Hydrostatic tightness test for open or
—General covered containment structures, p. 11
—Scope R—General
—Products R—Test preparation
—Materials R—Hydrostatic tightness test—Part 1: Qualitative
—Execution criteria
—Test preparation R—Hydrostatic tightness test—Part 2: Quantitative
criteria
—Surcharged hydrostatic tightness test—Part 1:
R—Retesting
Qualitative criteria
—Surcharged hydrostatic tightness test—Part 2:
Section R3—Surcharged hydrostatic tightness
Quantitative criteria test for closed containment structures, p. 13
—Retesting R—General
R—Test preparation
Section 4—Pneumatic tightness test for closed R—Surcharged hydrostatic tightness test—Part 1:
containment structures, p. 7 Qualitative criteria
—General R—Surcharged hydrostatic tightness test—Part 2:
—Scope Quantitative criteria
—Products R—Retesting
—Materials
—Execution Section R4—Pneumatic tightness test for closed
—Test preparation containment structures, p. 14
—Pneumatic tightness test—Part 1: Qualitative R—General
criteria R—Test preparation
—Pneumatic tightness test—Part 2: Quantitative R—Pneumatic tightness test—Part 1: Qualitative
criteria criteria
—Retesting R—Pneumatic tightness test—Part 2: Quantitative
criteria
Section 5—Combination hydrostatic-pneumatic R—Retesting
tightness test for closed containment structures,
p. 8 Section R5—Combination hydrostatic-pneumatic
—General tightness test for closed containment structures,
—Scope p. 15
—Submittals R—General
—Products R—Test preparation
R—Hydrostatic tightness testing—Parts 1 and 2
—Materials
and retesting
—Execution
R—Pneumatic tightness testing—Parts 1 and 2 and
—Test preparation
retesting
—Hydrostatic tightness testing—Parts 1 and 2 and
retesting
Section R6—References, p. 15
—Pneumatic tightness testing—Parts 1 and 2 and
retesting (mandatory portion follows)

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 TIGHTNESS TESTING OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING CONCRETE CONTAINTMENT STRUCTURES (ACI ) 3

SPECIFICATION containment structure, covered—a containment

structure where the contents are protected from exterior
SECTION 1—GENERAL REQUIREMENTS contamination by the presence of a cover or roof over the top
—Scope of the containment structure.
Work specified—This Specification covers tightness containment structure, open—a containment structure
testing of liquid and gaseous environmental containment where the top surface of the containment structure’s contents
structures designed to resist liquid or gaseous loads. Provisions is exposed to the atmosphere.
of this Specification shall govern except where other provisions Contract Documents—a set of documents supplied by
are specified in Contract Documents. Owner to Contractor as the basis for construction; these
These test methods are for the tightness testing of documents contain contract forms, contract conditions,
concrete environmental engineering liquid and gaseous specifications, drawings, addenda, and contract changes.
containment structures. The included tests are: Contractor—the person, firm, or entity under contract for
(a)Hydrostatic tightness test for open or covered contain- construction of the Work.
ment structures. environmental engineering concrete structures—as
(b)Surcharged hydrostatic tightness test for closed used in this Specification, concrete structures intended for
containment structures. conveying, storing, or treating water, wastewater, or other
(c)Pneumatic tightness test for closed containment nonhazardous liquids.
structures. fitting—an object that passes through the concrete or is
(d) Combination hydrostatic-pneumatic tightness test for embedded in the concrete to facilitate a connection to the
closed containment structures. containment structure.
The tightness testing procedures and requirements Owner—the corporation, association, partnership,
contained herein are applicable to reservoirs, basins, and individual, public body, or authority for whom the Work is
tanks constructed of concrete or a combination of concrete constructed.
and other materials. Preparatory items indicated are permitted—accepted by or acceptable to Archi-
required, unless otherwise specified, but the waiver of such tect/Engineer, usually pertaining to a request by Contractor,
items shall not change the test criteria. or when specified in Contract Documents.
Each cell of multi-cell containment structures Project Drawings—graphic presentation of project
shall be considered a single containment structure and tested requirements.
individually unless otherwise permitted. Project Specifications—the written documents that detail
The hydrostatic tightness testing procedures and requirements for the Work in accordance with service
requirements herein are also applicable for tightness testing parameters and other specific criteria.
of open concrete liquid transmission structures such as cast- Reference Specification—a specification that is intended
in-place concrete channels and conduits. to be a reference standard for Contractor to use in the
The hydrostatic tightness testing procedures and construction of the Work.
requirements herein, where applicable, can be used for tightness reference standards—standards of a technical society,
testing of concrete paved structures, such as channels and organization, or association, including the codes of local or
impoundments. state authorities, which are referenced in Contract Documents.
Work not specified—These provisions are not required—mandatory in this Specification or Contract
intended for hazardous material primary or secondary Documents.
containment structures, cryogenic storage structures, high- soap suds—water impregnated with soap or synthetic
pressure gas tanks, or miscellaneous precast concrete structures detergent used to indicate air passage through joints or
such as culverts, pipes, and manholes. defects by the formation of soap bubbles.
submit—provide to Architect/Engineer for review or
—Definitions acceptance.
accepted—determined to be satisfactory by Archi- submittal—document or material provided to Archi-
tect/Engineer. tect/Engineer for review or acceptance.
Architect/Engineer—the Architect, Engineer, architectural vacuum box—a box with a transparent top, open
firm, or engineering firm, developing Contract Documents, bottom, and air sealing bottom edges used in conjunction
or administering the Work under Contract Documents, or with an air pump capable of creating at least a 3 psi vacuum
both. within the box.
containment structure—a basin, reservoir, channel, or Work—the entire construction or separately identifiable parts
conduit to be tightness tested regardless of whether it has a thereof required to be furnished under Contract Documents.
closed or open top or is constructed partially or entirely of
concrete. —Description
containment structure, closed—a containment struc- The structural adequacy of the containment structure
ture where the roof or cover is used to prevent the escape of shall be verified for the test pressure or pressures to be
the contents, including gases emanating from the contents, to applied. One type of test shall not be substituted for another
the outside atmosphere. type of test without acceptance of the Architect/Engineer.
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